2025年山东学位英语考试词汇与语法（五）

一、题目1-5（词汇辨析）

1. The company has decided to ______ a new marketing strategy to increase sales.

A. adapt  B. adopt  C. adjust  D. admit

答案：B

解析：考查动词辨析。A. adapt（适应，改编）；B. adopt（采纳，采用）；C. adjust（调整，校准）；D. admit（承认，允许进入）。句意为“公司决定采用新营销策略提升销量”，“采纳策略”用adopt，故选B。

2. It is important for parents to ______ a good example for their children through their own behavior.

A. set  B. make  C. do  D. take

答案：A

解析：考查固定搭配。“树立榜样”为固定短语set a good example，其他选项无此搭配，故选A。

3. The old building has been ______ into a modern art gallery, attracting many visitors.

A. transformed  B. transferred  C. transmitted  D. transported

答案：A

解析：考查动词辨析。A. transformed（转变，改造，强调形态/功能变化）；B. transferred（转移，调动，如职务、地点）；C. transmitted（传播，传输，如信号、疾病）；D. transported（运输，搬运）。句意为“老建筑被改造成现代美术馆”，故选A。

4. She is always ______ about her future, even when facing difficulties.

A. positive  B. passive  C. negative  D. nervous

答案：A

解析：考查形容词辨析。A. positive（积极的，乐观的）；B. passive（被动的，消极的）；C. negative（否定的，消极的）；D. nervous（紧张的）。由“即使面对困难”可知，她对未来态度乐观，故选A。

5. The government has taken measures to ______ the problem of air pollution in big cities.

A. solve  B. deal  C. answer  D. reply

答案：A

解析：考查动词辨析。A. solve（解决，直接接宾语，如solve a problem）；B. deal（处理，需与with搭配，即deal with）；C. answer（回答，接问题、电话等）；D. reply（回复，需与to搭配，即reply to）。句中直接接“the problem”，故选A。

二、题目6-10（语法：时态与语态）

1. By the time we arrive at the airport, the plane ______ for half an hour.

A. will have left  B. will leave  C. will have been away  D. has left

答案：C

解析：考查将来完成时。“By the time+一般现在时”引导的从句，主句用将来完成时（will have done）；且“leave”是瞬间动词，不能与“for half an hour”（时间段）搭配，需转化为延续性动词“be away”，故选C。

2. The novel ______ by a famous writer in the 1990s and has been translated into many languages.

A. was written  B. is written  C. wrote  D. has written

答案：A

解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。句中“in the 1990s”是过去时间状语，且“novel”与“write”是被动关系（被写），需用“was/were+过去分词”，故选A。

3. I ______ this book for three years, and I still haven’t finished it.

A. have been reading  B. have read  C. read  D. am reading

答案：A

解析：考查现在完成进行时。“for three years”表示动作从过去持续到现在，且“还没读完”说明动作仍在进行，现在完成进行时（have been doing）强调“持续进行的动作”，而现在完成时（have read）强调“已完成的结果”，故选A。

4. If you ______ more carefully, you wouldn’t have made so many mistakes in the exam.

A. study  B. studied  C. had studied  D. would study

答案：C

解析：考查虚拟语气（对过去的虚拟）。从句表示“过去本应做却没做的事”，用“had+过去分词”；主句用“would have+过去分词”，故选C。

5. A new library ______ in our school now, and it will be open next semester.

A. is being built  B. was built  C. will be built  D. has been built

答案：A

解析：考查现在进行时的被动语态。“now”表示动作正在进行，且“library”与“build”是被动关系（被建造），需用“am/is/are being+过去分词”，故选A。

三、题目11-15（语法：从句）

1. The reason ______ he was late for work is that his car broke down on the way.

A. why  B. which  C. that  D. for which

答案：A

解析：考查定语从句。先行词是“the reason”，且从句中不缺主语/宾语，需用关系副词why引导，在从句中作原因状语，故选A。

2. I don’t know ______ he will come to the party or not.

A. if  B. whether  C. that  D. what

答案：B

解析：考查宾语从句。“whether...or not”是固定搭配，表“是否”；if不能与“or not”直接连用，故选B。

3. ______ the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking in the mountains.

A. Unless  B. If  C. Though  D. Because

答案：B

解析：考查条件状语从句。句意为“如果明天天气好，我们就去爬山”，A. Unless（除非，表否定条件）；B. If（如果，表肯定条件）；C. Though（尽管，表让步）；D. Because（因为，表原因），故选B。

4. This is the factory ______ my father worked for 20 years.

A. where  B. which  C. that  D. what

答案：A

解析：考查定语从句。先行词是“the factory”，从句中“worked”是不及物动词（后接for，此处for提前可省略），需用关系副词where引导，在从句中作地点状语，故选A。

5. It is important ______ we should learn to communicate with our parents effectively.

A. that  B. which  C. what  D. how

答案：A

解析：考查主语从句。“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句句意完整、不缺成分，需用that引导（that无实际意义，不可省略），故选A。

四、题目16-20（语法：非谓语动词）

1. ______ English well, we need to practice speaking and listening every day.

A. Learn  B. Learning  C. To learn  D. Learned

答案：C

解析：考查不定式作目的状语。句意为“为了学好英语，我们需要每天练习听说”，不定式（to do）表“目的”，故选C。

2. The girl ______ in red is my classmate, who is good at playing the piano.

A. dressing  B. dressed  C. to dress  D. dresses

答案：B

解析：考查过去分词作定语。“be dressed in”是固定搭配，表“穿着……衣服”，此处用过去分词dressed作后置定语，修饰“the girl”，相当于“who is dressed in red”，故选B。

3. I remember ______ this song before, but I can’t remember where I heard it.

A. hear  B. hearing  C. to hear  D. heard

答案：B

解析：考查动名词作宾语。“remember doing sth”表示“记得做过某事（已做）”；“remember to do sth”表示“记得要做某事（未做）”。由“before”可知，“听过这首歌”是已发生的事，故选B。

4. ______ by the teacher’s words, the students decided to study harder.

A. Encouraged  B. Encouraging  C. To encourage  D. Encourage

答案：A

解析：考查过去分词作状语。“the students”与“encourage”是被动关系（被鼓励），过去分词（encouraged）表被动，在句中作原因状语，故选A。

5. The problem ______ at the meeting tomorrow is about the company’s development plan.

A. discussing  B. discussed  C. to be discussed  D. is discussed

答案：C

解析：考查不定式的被动式作定语。“tomorrow”表示动作未发生，且“the problem”与“discuss”是被动关系（被讨论），需用“to be+过去分词”作后置定语，表“将要被……的”，故选C。

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