山东省学位英语阅读理解经典真题分享

一、经典真题（双语能力）

Passage

Being bilingual can have profound effects on your brain. It can improve your cognitive abilities and even protect against dementia (痴呆症). Being bilingual opens up new opportunities for communication and understanding different cultures.

According to a recent study, bilingual children tend to have better cognitive abilities than monolingual children. They have better problem-solving skills, are more creative, and can easily switch between tasks. This is because being bilingual requires constant mental effort to switch between two language systems.

Furthermore, researchers have found that bilingualism has a protective effect against dementia. In a study involving elderly patients, it was discovered that those who were bilingual were diagnosed with dementia at a later age compared to monolingual individuals. This suggests that bilingualism may help delay the onset of dementia.

Questions

1.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Bilingualism helps people learn English well.

B. Bilingualism has great benefits for the brain.

C. Bilingual children are more hard-working.

D. Bilingualism can cure dementia.

2.According to the passage, bilingual children ________ than monolingual children.

A. are more intelligent

B. have better language skills

C. have better cognitive abilities

D. are more independent

3.Why do bilingual children have better cognitive abilities?

A. They learn two languages at school.

B. They are born with better brains.

C. They often switch between two language systems.

D. They have more learning experiences.

4.What effect does bilingualism have on dementia?

A. It can prevent dementia completely.

B. It can delay the onset of dementia.

C. It can make dementia less serious.

D. It can help people recover from dementia.

5.The word “profound” (Line 1) is closest in meaning to ________.

A. simple

B. strong

C. limited

D. deep

答案

1.B

2.C

3.C

4.B

5.D

二、逐题解析

主旨题：全文讲双语对大脑的好处（认知能力、防痴呆），选 B。A、C 无依据；D 错在 cure（治愈），原文是 protect against。

细节题：第二段第一句明确说 bilingual children tend to have better cognitive abilities，选 C。

细节题：第二段最后一句：requires constant mental effort to switch between two language systems，选 C。

细节题：第三段最后一句：help delay the onset of dementia（延缓发病），选 B。A（完全预防）、C（减轻严重）、D（康复）均不对。

词义题：profound = 深刻的、深远的，对应 D. deep。

三、全文译文

掌握双语会对大脑产生深远的影响。它能提高认知能力，甚至预防痴呆症。双语能力为交流和理解不同文化打开了新的大门。

最近一项研究表明，双语儿童的认知能力往往优于单语儿童。他们解决问题的能力更强、更有创造力，也能轻松在不同任务间切换。这是因为掌握双语需要持续的脑力劳动，在两种语言系统之间不断转换。

此外，研究人员发现，双语能力对痴呆症有保护作用。一项针对老年患者的研究发现，双语者被诊断出痴呆的年龄比单语者更晚。这表明，双语能力可能有助于延缓痴呆症的发病。

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