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山东省学位英语考试常考阅读理解题及答题技巧
整理编辑:山东学位英语考试网 发布时间:2025-11-01 14:27:57 阅读量:
山东省学位英语考试旨在检验考生的英语综合水平,阅读理解在其中占比较高,是拉开分数差距的关键部分。通过对近几年真题的分析,我们可以总结出常考题型和答题技巧,助力考生高效备考。
一、常考题型剖析
(一)细节理解题
1. 题目示例:根据文章“Online shopping has become increasingly popular in recent years. People can buy various products from clothes to electronics with just a few clicks. However, the quality of products bought online is sometimes not as good as expected.”题目为:What is one problem of online shopping mentioned in the passage? ( )
A. High prices. B. Limited product choices. C. Poor product quality sometimes. D. Difficult payment process.
答案:C。解析:文章明确提到“However, the quality of products bought online is sometimes not as good as expected”,所以C选项正确。
2. 特点:考查对文章具体信息的理解,答案通常能在原文中直接找到对应内容。
(二)推理判断题
1. 题目示例:文章内容为“Sarah has been practicing dancing since she was young. She spends several hours every day training hard. She has participated in many dance competitions and won numerous awards.”题目:What can we infer about Sarah from the passage? ( )
A. She doesn't like dancing. B. She is very lazy in her training. C. She is talented and hard - working in dancing. D. She will give up dancing soon.
答案:C。解析:从她从小练习、每天刻苦训练以及多次获奖可推断出她有天赋且努力,A、B、D选项与原文不符。
2. 特点:要求考生基于文章内容进行合理推断,答案不会直接在文中呈现,需要分析和推理。
(三)主旨大意题
1. 题目示例:文章围绕“Renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, is becoming more and more important in the global energy structure. It can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and help to protect the environment. Many countries are investing a lot in the development of renewable energy technologies.”提问:What is the main idea of the passage? ( )
A. The development of fossil fuels. B. The importance and development of renewable energy. C. The environmental problems caused by energy use. D. The high cost of renewable energy development.
答案:B。解析:文章主要讲述了可再生能源的重要性以及许多国家在其开发方面的投入,B选项符合。
2. 特点:考查对文章整体内容的概括和理解,需要把握文章核心要点。
(四)词义猜测题
1. 题目示例:文章中有“People are often perplexed by the complex traffic rules in big cities.”题目:What does the underlined word “perplexed” probably mean? ( )
A. Excited. B. Confused. C. Happy. D. Relaxed.
答案:B。解析:从“complex traffic rules”(复杂的交通规则)可推测人们是感到困惑的,“perplexed”意思与“confused”相近。
2. 特点:要求根据上下文猜测生词或短语的含义。
二、答题技巧总结
(一)先看题目,带着问题阅读
快速浏览题目和选项,圈出关键词,如人名、地名、时间、事件等,明确阅读目的。这样在阅读文章时能更有针对性地寻找答案,提高阅读效率。例如,如果问题是关于某个人的观点,阅读时就重点关注此人的言论和相关描述。
(二)通读全文,把握主旨
带着问题快速通读文章,了解文章体裁(记叙文、说明文、议论文等)、大致结构和主旨大意。记叙文关注事件发展和人物特点;说明文留意说明对象及其特征;议论文抓住论点和论据。阅读过程中不要纠结个别生词或难句,可通过上下文猜测词义,整体把握文章脉络。
(三)定位原文,精准作答
根据题目关键词在文中定位相关段落或语句,答案往往就在附近。对于细节理解题,直接在定位处找答案;推理判断题则要分析上下文逻辑关系,合理推断;主旨大意题需综合各段落内容,从文章开头、结尾及段落首末句找线索;词义猜测题结合语境,利用定义、解释、举例、对比等线索猜测词义。
(四)分析选项,排除干扰
认真分析每个选项,找出关键词。排除与原文意思相悖、逻辑不通、过度推断或片面的选项。例如,选项中出现绝对化表述(如only、all、never等),除非文章明确提及,否则一般为错误选项。同时,注意选项中的偷换概念、以偏概全等陷阱 。
(五)注意逻辑关系词
文中的逻辑关系词(如but、however、therefore、because、in addition等)能帮助理解上下文关系,确定答案。“but”“however”表转折,前后内容相反;“therefore”“so”表因果;“in addition”“moreover”表递进。通过这些词可把握文章思路,更好地答题。
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